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Typical source

Citric acid (fermentation)

Plain-language explanation

Sodium citrates are salts derived from citric acid, which is naturally found in citrus fruits but is often commercially produced through fermentation. The halal status depends on the source of the raw material used in fermentation, which can be either plant-based (halal) or from GMO microorganisms fed on non-halal nutrients (doubtful). Major halal certification bodies like JAKIM, MUI, and MUIS generally consider it halal if the source is verified as plant-based or microbial, but it requires proper certification to confirm. If the source is unknown or from non-halal origins, it may be deemed haram or questionable. Always check for a halal certification label on the product to ensure compliance.