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Typical source

Wood pulp, cotton

Plain-language explanation

E460 (Cellulose) is a natural carbohydrate polymer that acts as an anti-caking agent, thickener, or filler in foods like shredded cheese and ice cream. It is primarily extracted from plant cell walls, most commonly from wood pulp or cotton, making it inherently plant-based. Because it originates from plant sources, E460 is universally considered halal by all major certification bodies, including JAKIM, MUI, MUIS, ESMA, and HFA. While it can theoretically be produced from bacterial fermentation, this source is also halal, so the ingredient's status does not depend on the source. Muslims can safely consume products containing E460 without any dietary concerns.