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Typical source

Glycerides (plant or animal)

Plain-language explanation

E472C, known as citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides, are emulsifiers made by combining glycerides (fats) with citric acid to keep foods like baked goods and margarine smooth. Their halal status depends entirely on the source of the original fat; if derived from plant-based or halal-certified animal fat, they are considered halal. However, if the glycerides come from non-halal animal sources like pork, the ingredient is haram. Major halal certification bodies like JAKIM, MUI, and MUIS require verification of the fat source to approve its use.